In this factorization, formula used:
a^2 + b^2 = (a +b)^2 - 2.a.b
a^2 - b^2 = (a + b) (a - b)
Explanation
4x^4 + 81
\rightarrow\ (2x^2)^2 + (9)^2
\rightarrow\ (2x^2 + 9)^2 – 2.2x^2.9
\rightarrow\ (2x^2 + 9)^2 – 36x^2
\rightarrow\ (2x^2 + 9)^2 – (6x)^2
\rightarrow\ (2x^2 + 9 + 6x) (2x^2 + 9 – 6x)
Ans: (2x^2 + 9 + 6x) (2x^2 + 9 – 6x).